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LearnPython

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Python

Python is the most beginner-friendly language and simultaneously powers cutting-edge AI, web backends, and data pipelines. From your first print statement to building production APIs and training neural networks — this track covers everything.

205+ Topics

10–14 weeks

5–30 LPA

Start Learning →View Roadmap

Getting Started

Introduction to Python

History, Guido van Rossum, Zen of Python, use cases

Installation & Setup

Python 3.12, pip, pyenv, virtual environments

Your First Python Program

Hello World, REPL, script execution

IDE & Editor Setup

VS Code, PyCharm, Jupyter Notebook configuration

The Zen of Python

PEP 20 philosophy, readability, explicit over implicit

Language Fundamentals

Variables & Dynamic Typing

Assignment, naming, type system, variable shadowing

Built-in Data Types

int, float, complex, bool, str, bytes, NoneType

Arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, identity, membership

Python Keywords

All 35+ reserved keywords with explanations and examples

Type Conversion & Casting

int(), float(), str(), bool(), explicit vs implicit conversion

Constants & Conventions

ALL_CAPS convention, typing.Final, module-level constants

print(), input(), f-strings, format(), sep, end parameters

Comments & Docstrings

Inline comments, block comments, docstrings, PEP 257

Control Flow

If / Elif / Else

Conditional branching, truthiness, short-circuit evaluation

Match-Case (Python 3.10+)

Structural pattern matching, guard clauses, OR patterns

Iterating sequences, range(), enumerate(), zip(), unpacking

Pre-check loops, else block on while, infinite loop prevention

Break, Continue & Pass

Loop control, pass as placeholder, else on loops

List, dict, set comprehensions, generator expressions, conditions

Walrus Operator (:=)

Assignment expressions, use in conditions and comprehensions

Data Structures

Ordered, mutable sequences — indexing, slicing, methods, complexity

Immutable sequences, namedtuple, unpacking, use as dict keys

Hash maps, key-value pairs, dict methods, dict comprehension

Sets & Frozensets

Unique elements, set operations, frozenset for immutability

Strings Deep Dive

Immutability, slicing, string methods, f-strings, raw strings

Collections Module

namedtuple, Counter, deque, OrderedDict, defaultdict, ChainMap

Array Module & Bytes

array, memoryview, bytearray for low-level memory operations

Functions

Function Basics

def, parameters, return, default arguments, docstrings

*args & **kwargs

Variable positional, keyword arguments, unpacking in calls

Lambda Functions

Anonymous functions, single expression, use with map/filter/sorted

Scope & LEGB Rule

Local, Enclosing, Global, Built-in namespaces, global/nonlocal

Captured variables, factory functions, practical use cases

Higher-Order Functions

map, filter, reduce, functools, partial, passing functions as arguments

Generators & yield

Generator functions, yield expression, lazy evaluation, memory efficiency

Iterators & Iterables

__iter__, __next__, iter(), next(), custom iterators

Function decorators, wraps, parameterized decorators, chaining

Base case, recursive case, sys.setrecursionlimit, memoization

Object-Oriented Programming

Classes & Objects

class keyword, self, instance attributes, class attributes

__init__ & __new__

Initialization vs creation, instance vs class creation hooks

Magic / Dunder Methods

__str__, __repr__, __len__, __eq__, __hash__, __getitem__, __add__

Single, multiple inheritance, super(), cooperative multiple inheritance

MRO & C3 Linearization

Method Resolution Order, diamond problem, __mro__, mro()

_protected, __private name mangling, @property

Abstract Base Classes

abc module, ABC, @abstractmethod, register(), isinstance checks

Dataclasses (Python 3.7+)

@dataclass, fields, __post_init__, frozen, slots, ordering

type as metaclass, __metaclass__, custom class creation, practical uses

Class Decorators

@staticmethod, @classmethod, @property, custom class decorators

Memory optimization, restricting attributes, trade-offs

Error Handling

Exceptions Basics

Exception hierarchy, BaseException, Exception, common built-ins

Try / Except / Else / Finally

Exception handling flow, multiple except, else block

raise & raise from

Raising exceptions, exception chaining, suppressing context

Custom Exceptions

Inheriting Exception, custom attributes, exception hierarchy design

Context Managers

with statement, __enter__, __exit__, contextmanager decorator

Modules & Packages

import, from import, __name__, module search path, sys.path

__init__.py, namespace packages, relative imports, __all__

Standard Library Tour

os, sys, pathlib, json, re, datetime, math, random, itertools

Installing packages, requirements.txt, pinning versions, pip freeze

Virtual Environments

venv, virtualenv, poetry, conda — isolating project dependencies

File I/O

File Operations

open(), modes, read, write, append, with statement

Path, PurePath, glob, resolve, iterdir, mkdir

CSV & JSON Handling

csv module, json module, load/dump, custom encoders

Binary Files & struct

rb/wb modes, struct pack/unpack, working with binary data

Concurrency & Async

Thread class, Lock, RLock, Semaphore, Event, thread-safety

Multiprocessing

Process, Pool, Queue, Pipe, shared memory, bypassing GIL

Global Interpreter Lock (GIL)

What GIL is, why it exists, implications, workarounds

async/await, event loop, coroutines, asyncio.run()

Asyncio & Event Loop Architecture

Event loop queue, Coroutines, Tasks, Futures, GIL interaction, TaskGroup

Asyncio Advanced

Tasks, gather, create_task, Semaphore, queues, cancellation

concurrent.futures

ThreadPoolExecutor, ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed, map

Advanced Python

Type Hints & Annotations

PEP 484, typing module, Optional, Union, Generic, Protocol

functools Module

lru_cache, cache, partial, reduce, wraps, total_ordering

itertools Module

chain, product, combinations, permutations, groupby, islice

__get__, __set__, __delete__, data vs non-data descriptors

Protocols (Structural Subtyping)

typing.Protocol, structural typing vs nominal typing

Memory Management

Reference counting, cyclic GC, gc module, weakref, object lifecycle

Performance & Profiling

cProfile, line_profiler, memory_profiler, timeit, Cython, PyPy

Web Frameworks

Django Introduction

MTV pattern, project structure, settings, urls, apps

Django Models & ORM

Model definition, field types, migrations, queries, relationships

Django Views & Templates

Function views, class-based views, template rendering, context

Django REST Framework

Serializers, viewsets, routers, authentication, permissions

Flask Introduction

Routes, blueprints, Jinja2, request/response, extensions

FastAPI Introduction

Path operations, Pydantic models, async endpoints, dependency injection

FastAPI Advanced

Middleware, authentication, background tasks, WebSockets, OpenAPI

Interview Preparation

Beginner Interview Questions

Top 50 Python basics questions for freshers

Advanced Interview Questions

GIL, metaclasses, async, decorators — senior engineer rounds

Python Coding Patterns

Pythonic patterns for array, string, tree, graph problems

300+ multiple choice questions for placement tests

Python Cheatsheet

Quick reference for syntax, built-ins, libraries

Companies Using Python

GoogleMetaNetflixUberDropboxInstagramNASATCSWipro